by National Association of the Deaf
The National Association of the Deaf (NAD) is the oldest and largest civil rights organization in the United States representing people who are deaf or hard of hearing, founded in 1880. This CART resource page is part of NAD broader captioning advocacy work, which promotes captioning as a fundamental communication access right in education, employment, and public life.
This guide explains what CART is — the real-time conversion of spoken speech to text by a trained stenographer — and distinguishes it from AI-based captioning services. It outlines CART applications in education, employment, legal settings, and public events, and walks users through requesting CART as a reasonable accommodation under the ADA or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.
The guide supports deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals, their families, employers, school administrators, and event organizers who need to understand when and how to use professional real-time captioning for communication access.
Ava is an ADA-compliant live captioning app that converts speech into real-time, color-coded text for deaf and hard-of-hearing users in one-on-one and group conversations. It integrates with Zoom, Google Meet, and Microsoft Teams and supports more than 50 languages.
Ava
The Urban Xplorer is a lightweight, adjustable folding white cane made from aerospace aluminium, designed for blind and low-vision users navigating city environments. It comes in four sizes (Small through X-Large) and features a redesigned dome tip, hardened aluminium joints, and a foam grip. The cane is built to handle common urban obstacles such as cobblestones, sewer grates, and uneven sidewalks.
Awarewolf
Google Live Transcribe is a free Android app that converts speech and surrounding sounds into real-time on-screen captions, making everyday conversations more accessible for deaf and hard-of-hearing users. Developed in partnership with Gallaudet University, it supports more than 120 languages and processes all audio on-device for privacy.
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